The Definition of Chalcedon declared that Jesus was fully man and fully God without confusion. This confirmed that man did not become a God, but that God became a man. As such, men are limited. They are not gods in process. This is the foundation for the doctrine of limited government in every sphere. God has designed four spheres of government: self, family, church, and state. They all have genuine authoritative spheres.
The will belongs to the self. You can say "No" to yourself and only you can say "No" to your will. Someone else can force you to do their will, but they cannot force you to surrender your will. They can make you do the thing, but they cannot make your heart into it. They can demand that you do it and that you mean it, but they can only make you do it, they cannot make you mean it.
Education, health, and welfare belong to the family. Fathers are commanded to provide their children with a Christian education. They have options on how to provide it, but it must be provided. A distinctly Christian culture must be passed along to one's children. In addition, medicinal decisions are within the jurisdiction of the family. What to serve for dinner and what to take (or not take) when you have a headache are the decision of the family. There are some limitations on this, for sure, but only inasmuch as they encroach on the jurisdictions of others. So, you cannot serve your neighbor for dinner as God has forbidden you to murder them or to eat them if you should find them already deceased.
Word and sacrament belong to the church. They are the Lord's Word and Table, but He has deputized the church to administer them. The Word does not belong to the church per se and the bread and wine are not the private possession of the church, but they are uniquely qualified to distribute them and declare, "Thus saith the Lord."
The sword belongs to the state. It possesses the ability and responsibility to execute vengeance as the deacon of God's wrath. Those who are convicted of a crimes deserving death are executed by the state. The state does not get to define what deserves death, but they are responsible to carry out the executions of those God has declared deserve to die.
All this to say, no earthly authority is absolute. Said another way, all earthly authority is limited. Or most succinctly -- only God is unlimited. As such, limited government is a Christian concept. Secularism will not produce a limited government, it will produce a state that imagines itself to be a god. The are no secular utopias because secularism cannot produce peace. Might makes right cannot make peace, but it can break things into pieces... and it often does.
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